Degenerative arthritis, commonly known as osteoarthritis (OA), is a chronic condition characterized by the gradual deterioration of cartilage in the joints. As the cartilage wears down over time, the underlying bones can begin to rub against each other, leading to pain, stiffness, and reduced joint mobility. Osteoarthritis can affect any joint but most commonly impacts the knees, hips, spine, and hands. Symptoms typically include joint pain that worsens with activity and improves with rest, swelling, and a decreased range of motion. Risk factors include aging, obesity, joint injuries, and genetic predisposition. Diagnosis is usually based on clinical symptoms and imaging studies such as X-rays or MRI. While there is no cure for osteoarthritis, treatment focuses on managing symptoms and improving quality of life through a combination of medications, physical therapy, exercise, weight management, and, in some cases, surgical interventions like joint replacement.