Endoscopic carpal tunnel surgery, also known as endoscopic carpal tunnel release (ECTR), is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). CTS is a common condition characterized by compression of the median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnel in the wrist, leading to symptoms such as pain, numbness, tingling, and weakness in the hand and fingers.

During endoscopic carpal tunnel surgery, the surgeon makes one or two small incisions in the wrist and palm and inserts an endoscope, which is a thin, flexible tube with a camera and light attached to it. The endoscope allows the surgeon to visualize the structures inside the carpal tunnel, including the transverse carpal ligament, which is the structure that is compressing the median nerve.

Using specialized surgical instruments inserted through the endoscope and another small incision, the surgeon then cuts or releases the transverse carpal ligament to relieve pressure on the median nerve. By enlarging the carpal tunnel, this procedure aims to reduce symptoms and improve nerve function in the hand and fingers.