Radiculopathy refers to a condition where a nerve root in the spine becomes compressed, irritated, or inflamed, leading to symptoms along the path of the affected nerve. This condition often results from herniated discs, spinal stenosis, or degenerative changes in the spine. The symptoms vary depending on the location of the nerve root involved and can include pain, numbness, tingling, or weakness in the limbs. Cervical radiculopathy affects the neck and can cause symptoms in the arms, while lumbar radiculopathy affects the lower back and can lead to issues in the legs. Diagnosis typically involves a physical examination, imaging studies, and sometimes nerve conduction tests. Treatment options include medications, physical therapy, and, in severe cases, surgical intervention to relieve nerve compression. Addressing radiculopathy promptly can improve symptoms and prevent long-term complications.